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CANCER IN EGYPT OF WOODY ALLEN

Edwin Smith was a noted Egyptologist who developed much of his work in the second half of the nineteenth century. Formed in the most important centers of Paris and London and acquired great importance in the study of Egyptian language. But all this would not be giving to honor and reputation but the acquisition of a papyrus from a dealer in the city of Luxor. The Egyptologist understood right away that this papyrus more than four feet in length was a medical treatise, but his surprise was great to see that what was holding was becoming the oldest medical document that was unaware in the world, with almost five thousand years old.
who has gone down history as the Edwin Smith papyrus shows that the Egyptians had a fairly accurate knowledge of human organs such as heart, liver, spleen, kidneys and ureters, and bladder, and to deal with much more rationality which they assumed certain surgical procedures. The fact is that this papyrus is made up of a number of cases that were mostly traumatic injuries that were treated with surgery.
But one fact is more surprising still is that in the papyrus appears the first written description of a cancer. In this describes eight cases of breast cancer who are treated with cauterization, while the letter says the disease had "no treatment."
Since then, the cancer knowledge has grown tremendously in both the detection and treatment, although the disease remains a major cause of mortality in the West. According to the American Cancer Society, it causes about 13% of all deaths, which represents a number close to eight million deaths worldwide each year. Of these, over 90% are caused by a process called metastasis.
metastasis is known as the spread of a primary tumor to distant organs and healthy. For this to happen the cancer cells must be able to penetrate the blood or lymph vessels near the tumor to enter the bloodstream, forcing the circulatory system to produce new blood vessels through a process called angiogenesis, and invade healthy tissue. Classically speaking
benign tumor to refer to those who are not able to metastasize to distant organs and malignant tumor, which itself is capable of doing. Ie, benign tumors grow only locally and therefore it is easier to treatment, whereas malignant tumors are able to propagate, making it much more complex medical struggle against disease.
For metastasis to occur you have to give a series of activities grouped in what is known as metastatic cascade, which ends in the formation of a secondary tumor. This is only possible if certain molecular alterations that lead to the expression of some genes.
One of the first genes found that were related to processes of metastasis is the protein leads to "twist", which is responsible for on or off certain genes. This protein is available in embryonic development, where its function is crucial because it controls the production and migration of all tissues, but disappears later to stay away for the rest of life. Well, we have seen that a large number of tumors that metastasized recently, this protein is active. Also the English
Joan Massagué, and his team has identified a set of 18 genes involved in metastasis, of which only four joint action can trigger the process. Of the proteins that give rise to these genes already known involvement in inflammatory processes and tumor, but now also known for his role in the spread of cancer.
And more recently, in December 2008, a group of British researchers published that the expression of a protein called phospholipase Cγ1, which is related to the activation of certain types of lifoncitos-Th-lymphocytes, play a role in processes of metastasis.
The advancement of science in this regard should awaken in us moderate illusion. It is likely that in the medium term future to know all the genes involved in cancer and use this knowledge for treatment, but that day is still on the horizon.

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PALESTINE NOT SUPPORT THE SLAUGHTER!

If you go shopping, do not buy blood of Palestinian civilians. Make sure that the bar code on products you buy DO NOT start with 729:

... and, preferably, not bearing any of these logos belonging to companies that support the genocidal regime in Tel Aviv:

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Pharaohs, recombinant DNA and PRINCE INTERVIEW OF ASTURIAS

In 2002 the New York filmmaker Woody Allen was awarded the Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts. By then he had already won three Academy Awards, two American Academy as a screenwriter and director, "a Golden Globe as a screenwriter, and had directed more than thirty films, with such memorable titles as Annie Hall, Manhattan or Hannah and her sisters, so it was no surprise to anyone that the award should cede to him.
The day I had to collect the award, Woody Allen pronounced some words that have stayed for the anecdotes in the history of these awards. "I do not deserve this award, but I have diabetes and do not deserve it," he said with characteristic humor and phlegmatic. And is that the American director is one of the more than two hundred million diabetics in the world.
Diabetes is a disease that has been described long before the Christian era and is characterized by increased levels of glucose in the blood. You could say that glucose is the fuel of our body because that is the substance that is used to, through a series of reactions, for energy. Therefore, it is essential to take sufficient amount of glucose through the meal, to which ensures that the body's energy needs. Once digested, the glucose will be absorbed through digestion and through the blood, will be distributed throughout the body. But as damaging as the absence of glucose may be an excess of it. So when the concentration blood glucose exceeds certain limits, the pancreas is responsible for producing a hormone known as insulin. More specifically
are cells called beta cells located in pancreatic glands as small clusters called islets of Langerhans which produce insulin. In these cells, insulin is produced as a mature hormone is not processed, releasing a peptide fragment called C and suffering a reaction that produces so-called disulfide bonds, allowing the two remaining fragments together. When there are abnormally low levels of insulin due to failure of the pancreas or inadequate use of the hormone by the body, the consequence is the increased levels of glucose, then a condition known as diabetes.
to treat diabetes, patients usually inject insulin in order to restore normal levels of blood glucose (between 70 and 100 mg / dl). For a long time, the insulin used for this purpose was of animal origin. That is, the hormone was extracted from the pancreas of beef and pork since both animals are very similar structurally to the human and has the same effect on blood glucose. But this process has a number of drawbacks such as the variable supply of animal pancreatic tissue and obtaining a product which used to contain impurities. Therefore, at present, the insulin used is derived from microorganisms by genetic engineering techniques, the greatest purity that animal insulin, thus preventing unwanted reactions.
The insulin is one of the most typical examples in the production of drugs commercially, but many are now produced by recombinant DNA technology, which is to clone the genes of some human proteins appropriate microorganisms. Therefore, we might say that genetic engineering was born in the seventies with the enzymatic manipulation of DNA, which aim is the deliberate manipulation of genetic material with a purpose. In short, we call the whole genetic engineering techniques that allow manipulation of DNA and its introduction in a given organism with the intention of correcting genetic errors, and improved to create different species and produce certain compounds.
In 1982, insulin became the first genetically engineered protein that was approved for human use. There are currently more than thirty those approved for clinical use. The role assigned to science fiction genetic engineering does not always do justice to it has taken in history. But the truth is that recombinant DNA technology has improved the quality of life for millions of people and that is the way forward.